Global political dynamics in the digital era are transforming rapidly, changing the way countries interact, communicate and negotiate. The existence of the Internet and social media has created a new field for diplomacy and public participation. Instant communications enable political actors to reach wider audiences, influence public opinion, and shape global narratives more effectively. The influence of social media is huge in this dynamic. Platforms such as Twitter, Facebook, and Instagram have become the main tools for information dissemination, mass mobilization, and political campaigns. When a crisis arises, such as demonstrations or elections, social media often becomes the primary channel for conveying messages and responding to events in real-time. For example, the “Arab Spring” movement demonstrated how technology can facilitate social mobilization and challenges to existing authority. However, the digital era also brings new challenges to cyber security. Cyberattacks, disinformation and propaganda have become central issues in global politics. Countries are now competing for control of this domain, using techniques such as hacking, information leaks, and fake news campaigns to achieve their geopolitical goals. For example, Russia’s interference in the 2016 US election shows how serious this threat is to the integrity of democracy. From an economic perspective, digitalization stimulates global economic growth, but also creates inequality. Information and communications technology (ICT) is a major driver of innovation but creates a gap between developed and developing countries. Countries with limited access to technology have difficulty competing in global markets. This has sparked debate about digital access policies and the need for support for low-income countries to take advantage of digital opportunities. Access to broad information also raises awareness of global issues such as climate change, human rights and social justice. Activists from all over the world can collaborate and spread their messages directly to the public, creating cross-border solidarity networks. For example, the youth-led climate movement has succeeded in attracting global attention and spurring action from governments around the world. Digital transformation also affects data analysis and political strategy. The use of big data and predictive analytics in political campaigns allows parties to better understand voters and devise more effective strategies. By leveraging algorithms and artificial intelligence, politicians can design more personalized messages and target voter segments more precisely. Seeing the dynamics of global politics in the digital era requires us to continue to adapt to the changes that occur. As individuals, we must be wise in navigating existing information, while as a society, we need to increase digital literacy and be critical of online content. This transformation is not just about technology, but also about how we understand and build a better future amidst rapid change. With in-depth understanding, we can be better prepared to face challenges and take advantage of opportunities in this digital era.
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